Formaldehyde 37% Solution (Formalin)
Formaldehyde 37% Solution, also known as formalin, is a clear, colorless aqueous solution containing 37% formaldehyde gas by weight (equivalent to approximately 40% by volume).
This industrial-grade chemical solution is one of the most widely used preservatives and disinfectants in laboratory, medical, and industrial applications.
Key Characteristics
This concentrated solution typically contains methanol (10-15%) as a stabilizer to prevent polymerization of formaldehyde. The solution has a characteristic pungent, irritating odor and is highly reactive, making it effective for a broad range of applications requiring fixation, preservation, or antimicrobial action.
Primary Applications
Laboratory & Medical Use: Tissue fixation and preservation in histology and pathology laboratories, preparation of biological specimens, and disinfection of medical equipment.
Industrial Applications: Manufacturing of resins and plastics (urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, melamine resins), textile treatment, paper production, and as an intermediate in chemical synthesis.
Agricultural & Veterinary: Disinfection of facilities, fumigation, and preservation of biological materials.
Safety Considerations
Formaldehyde 37% Solution is classified as a hazardous material. It is toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin, and is a known human carcinogen. Proper handling requires adequate ventilation, appropriate personal protective equipment (chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, lab coat), and compliance with local safety regulations. Storage should be in tightly sealed containers away from heat sources and incompatible materials.
Storage & Handling
Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight. The solution should be kept in its original container or approved chemical storage vessels. Shelf life is approximately one year when stored properly, though polymerization may occur over time at lower temperatures.
Application:
Medical science:
Medical Applications
Formalin is widely used in medical settings to preserve pathological specimens, sterilize surgical instruments, and disinfect hospital wards. However, formalin is harmful to the human body. Prolonged exposure may cause symptoms among medical staff, including nasal irritation, runny nose, eye irritation, and headaches.
Safety Note
To reduce the risk of exposure, medical staff should wear PE plastic gloves and certified formaldehyde-proof respirator masks. Ordinary non-woven masks and standard activated-carbon masks do not effectively protect against formalin exposure.
Biological Applications
In biology, formalin is commonly used as a preservative for specimens. Specimens are fully immersed in formalin, allowing long-term preservation while maintaining their structural integrity.
| Product Name | Formaldehyde 37% Solution |
| Synonym | Formalin, Formol, Formaldehyde (37% solution), Methanol, Formaldehyde Solution, Formalith, Formic Aldehyde solution, Methanol Solution, Formalin, Stabilized, Formaldehyde |
| CAS # | 50-00-0 |
| Formula | CH2O |
| Packing | in 200kg drums |